Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
A postgraduate student, Department of Water and Irrigation Systems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
2
Department of Water and Irrigation Systems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
3
Environ. Studies and Res. Inst., U. of Sadat City, Menoufia, Egypt.
Abstract
The objective of this research is to use ArcGIS software to identify suitable irrigation systems and crop selections. This will be accomplished by developing soil maps, contour maps, farm planning strategies, and calculating of primary flow rates for a newly established agricultural site located in the reclamation areas in Sadat City. This study covers an area of 98.6 feddan, divided into 61 land profiles to assess prevailing issues. Key soil characteristics examined include depth, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, calcium carbonate content, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and soil texture. After the analysis, maps were generated using ArcMap 10.4.1. Results indicate that 99% of the area is suitable for agriculture, while one% is unsuitable due to soil salinity and sodium absorption. Additionally, 98% of the arable land is deemed suitable for all irrigation systems, while 2% is more appropriate for sprinkler and drip irrigation systems. Given the reliance on groundwater and the sandy soil composition, sprinkler and drip systems are preferred over surface irrigation. Key limitations on irrigation system usage include soil type, calcium carbonate content, soil tendencies, and salinity, which also restrict certain crop choices. In conclusion, Geographic information System (GIS) tools are essential for determining optimal irrigation systems, suitable crops, and for establishing a database to support smart irrigation practices.
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