AL-Azhar Journal of Agricultural Engineering publishes original papers, review papers, and preliminary communications in the field of agricultural, environmental, and process engineering. The main purpose is to show new scientific results, new developments and procedures with special respect to the engineering of crop production and animal husbandry, soil and water management, precision agriculture, information technology in agriculture, advancements in instrumentation and automation, technical and safety aspects of environmental and food engineering. In all cases, manuscripts must address implications and provide insight regarding all fields of agricultural engineering.