Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Department of Agriculture products process Engineering Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, AL-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt.
2
Department of Agricultural Products Process Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract
The present work studied two varieties of dates, mainly Siwi and Gondaila. Date juice was hot extracted using different mechanical treatments mainly cutting, without cutting, stirring, and stirring under different temperatures of 70, 75, and 80 oC to be adaptable for future work on a solar heat exchange system for dates. The measured parameters are elapsed time, juice Brix, energy efficiency, and juice quality. The best-fit equation is optimized by the lowest chi-square (X2) and largest coefficient of determination (R2). Linear empirical equations are satisfied for all studied thermal and mechanical treatments with R2 and chi-square (x2) ranges 0.87 – 1 and 0.000015- 0.034. The rate of increasing time was 0.03, 0.37, 0.54, and 0.6, 1.04, 1.69 min / oC, and the rate of increasing Brix was also 0.3, 0.35, 0.2, and 0.2. 0.1, 0 Brix/ oC and the rate of increasing energy efficiency 1.22, 4.63, 8.41 and 1.49, 4.21, 9.29 % / oC for Siwi and Gondaila respectively. The quality of extracted date juice showed good results due to its dielectric properties as an insulating material with a thermal conductivity of 0.55 W/m. K for PH, Ash, total sugar, reduced sugar, nonreduced sugar, and color. Thermal treatment of 80 oC could be used for higher efficiency and to reduce extraction time.
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